Medical outcomes in African American live kidney donors: a matched cohort study.

Pubmed ID: 23094818

Journal: American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons

Publication Date: Jan. 1, 2013

MeSH Terms: Humans, Male, Adult, Female, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Treatment Outcome, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Kidney Transplantation, Tissue Donors, Black People

Authors: Doshi MD, Goggins MO, Li L, Garg AX

Cite As: Doshi MD, Goggins MO, Li L, Garg AX. Medical outcomes in African American live kidney donors: a matched cohort study. Am J Transplant 2013 Jan;13(1):111-8. Epub 2012 Oct 24.

Studies:

Abstract

It is uncertain if live kidney donation increases future risk of hypertension and kidney disease in African Americans. We conducted a cohort study across two transplant centers enrolling African Americans who donated between 1993 and 2006. A comparison group of African American nondonors were selected from healthy participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) prospective cohort study. A total of 103 donors and 235 matched nondonors were assessed at mean ( ± SD) of 6.8 ± 2.3 and 6.4 ± 2.2 years after donation or cohort entry, respectively. The primary outcome was risk of hypertension in donors at follow-up. The secondary outcomes were proportion of donors with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and microalbuminuria. Hypertension risk was higher in donors compared to nondonors (42/103 [40.8%] vs. 42/235 [17.9%]), absolute risk difference 22.9% (95% confidence interval 12.2-33.6%) and relative risk 2.4 (95% confidence interval 1.7-3.4). Of the 42 donors with hypertension, 22 (52.4%) were untreated. Sixteen donors (15.5%) had an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) , 6 (5.8%) had microalbuminuria and none were on dialysis. Our retrospective study shows that live kidney donation is associated with increased risk of hypertension in African Americans and emphasizes the importance of donor follow-up.