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Obesity and mortality: are the risks declining? Evidence from multiple prospective studies in the United States.
Pubmed ID: 24913899
Pubmed Central ID: PMC4121970
Journal: Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
Publication Date: Aug. 1, 2014
Affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Office of Energetics and Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
MeSH Terms: Humans, Male, Female, Risk Factors, United States, Body Mass Index, Prospective Studies, Cause of Death, Obesity, Sensitivity and Specificity, Databases, Factual, White People
Grants: T32HL072757, P30 DK056336, P30DK056336, P30 DK079626, T32 HL079888, R01 DK076771, R01DK076771, T32 HL072757, R01 AG040213
Authors: Keith SW, Fontaine KR, Allison DB, Mehta T, Pajewski NM, Bangalore SS, de los Campos G, Bartolucci A
Cite As: Mehta T, Fontaine KR, Keith SW, Bangalore SS, de los Campos G, Bartolucci A, Pajewski NM, Allison DB. Obesity and mortality: are the risks declining? Evidence from multiple prospective studies in the United States. Obes Rev 2014 Aug;15(8):619-29. Epub 2014 Jun 9.
Studies:
Abstract
We evaluated whether the obesity-associated years of life lost (YLL) have decreased over calendar time. We implemented a meta-analysis including only studies with two or more serial body mass index (BMI) assessments at different calendar years. For each BMI category (normal weight: BMI 18.5 to <25 [reference]; overweight: BMI 25 to <30; grade 1 obesity: BMI 30 to <35; and grade 2-3 obesity: BMI ≥ 35), we estimated the YLL change between 1970 and 1990. Because of low sample sizes for African-American, results are reported on Caucasian. Among men aged ≤60 years YLL for grade 1 obesity increased by 0.72 years (P < 0.001) and by 1.02 years (P = 0.01) for grade 2-3 obesity. For men aged >60, YLL for grade 1 obesity decreased by 1.02 years (P < 0.001) and increased by 0.63 years for grade 2-3 obesity (P = 0.63). Among women aged ≤60, YLL for grade 1 obesity decreased by 4.21 years (P < 0.001) and by 4.97 years (P < 0.001) for grade 2-3 obesity. In women aged >60, YLL for grade 1 obesity decreased by 3.98 years (P < 0.001) and by 2.64 years (P = 0.001) for grade 2-3 obesity. Grade 1 obesity's association with decreased longevity has reduced for older Caucasian men. For Caucasian women, there is evidence of a decline in the obesity YLL association across all ages.