Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus on β-Blockers.

Pubmed ID: 28559400

Pubmed Central ID: PMC5739105

Journal: Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)

Publication Date: July 1, 2017

Affiliation: From the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Center Hospital (T.T., H.K.), and Department of Clinical Study and Informatics, Center for Clinical Sciences (T.S.), National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Public Health/Health Policy, the University of Tokyo, Japan (T.S.); Division of General Internal Medicine & Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA (M.F.S.); Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health (M.F.S.); and Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Saitama Medical University, Japan (M.N.).

MeSH Terms: Humans, Male, Adult, Female, Aged, Risk Factors, Middle Aged, Adrenergic beta-Antagonists, Treatment Outcome, Severity of Illness Index, Incidence, Diabetes Mellitus, Myocardial Ischemia, Hypoglycemia, Medication Therapy Management, Risk Adjustment

Authors: Tsujimoto T, Sugiyama T, Noda M, Kajio H, Shapiro MF

Cite As: Tsujimoto T, Sugiyama T, Shapiro MF, Noda M, Kajio H. Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus on β-Blockers. Hypertension 2017 Jul;70(1):103-110. Epub 2017 May 30.

Studies:

Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD)

Abstract

Although the use of β-blockers may help in achieving maximum effects of intensive glycemic control because of a decrease in the adverse effects after severe hypoglycemia, they pose a potential risk for the occurrence of severe hypoglycemia. This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of β-blockers is effective in patients with diabetes mellitus and whether its use is associated with the occurrence of severe hypoglycemia. Using the ACCORD trial (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) data, we performed Cox proportional hazards analyses with a propensity score adjustment. The primary outcome was the first occurrence of a cardiovascular event during the study period, which included nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, nonfatal stroke, and cardiovascular death. The mean follow-up periods (±SD) were 4.6±1.6 years in patients on β-blockers (n=2527) and 4.7±1.6 years in those not on β-blockers (n=2527). The cardiovascular event rate was significantly higher in patients on β-blockers than in those not on β-blockers (hazard ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.24-1.72; P<0.001). In patients with coronary heart disease or heart failure, the cumulative event rate for cardiovascular events was also significantly higher in those on β-blockers than in those not on β-blockers (hazard ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.60; P=0.03). The incidence of severe hypoglycemia was significantly higher in patients on β-blockers than in those not on β-blockers (hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.64; P=0.02). In conclusion, the use of β-blockers in patients with diabetes mellitus was associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events.