Effects of medical therapies on retinopathy progression in type 2 diabetes.

Pubmed ID: 20587587

Pubmed Central ID: PMC4026164

Journal: The New England journal of medicine

Publication Date: July 15, 2010

MeSH Terms: Humans, Male, Female, Cardiovascular Diseases, Middle Aged, Hypertension, Disease Progression, Follow-Up Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Drug Therapy, Combination, Antihypertensive Agents, Cholesterol, LDL, Dyslipidemias, Hypolipidemic Agents, Hyperglycemia, Simvastatin, Hypoglycemic Agents, Diabetic Retinopathy, Fenofibrate, Glycated Hemoglobin

Grants: N01HC95184, Y01 HC001010, N01-HC-95180, Y01 HC009035, N01-HC-95184, R01 HL073030, IAA-Y1-HC-1010, N01HC95181, N01-HC-95182, N01HC95179, N01-HC-95183, N01-HC-95178, N01HC95182, N01HC95180, N01-HC-95179, N01-HC-95181, N01HC95178, IAA-Y1-HC-9035, N01HC95183, N01 HC095178, ZIA EY000410-04, Z99 EY999999

Authors: Chew EY, Ambrosius WT, Davis MD, Danis RP, Gangaputra S, Greven CM, Hubbard L, Esser BA, Lovato JF, Perdue LH, Goff DC, Cushman WC, Ginsberg HN, Elam MB, Genuth S, Gerstein HC, Schubart U, Fine LJ, Friedewald WT, Buse JB, Bigger JT, Byington RP, Cushman WC, Ismail-Beigi F, Gerstein HC, Ginsberg HN, Goff DC, Grimm RH, Probstfield JL, Simons-Morton DG, Gerstein HC, Yusuf S, Punthakee Z, Russo R, Anand S, Chrysler K, Cracknell B, Cukierman-Yaffe T, Gafni A, Guyatt G, Hall S, Kaszyca J, Lonn E, Mackie P, Reiding V, Shehadeh N, Tadeson B, Thompson K, Vallis M, Vasudeva V, Wilderman I, Wright D, Punthakee Z, Smith A, Stanton I, Capes S, Manjoo P, Valla T, Danby S, Harper W, Harvey P, Hunt D, Moroso A, Otto R, Prebtani A, Punthakee Z, Davis A, Capes S, Hill KL, McCarthy V, Edwards AL, Mitchell DJ, Clearwaters MA, Dielissen C, Gillam M, Hammond B, Jensen H, Kherani A, Lau D, Pringle V, Rabi D, Sigal R, Smith C, Walker M, Williams G, Joyce C, Parsons M, Rowe B, Burton J, Chandurkar V, McDonald SC, Gibbons D, Kovacs C, Murphy B, Smart R, Varghese S, Mereu L, Ryan E, Senior P, Kirkland P, Abe J, Dalton K, Gendall W, Germsheid J, Hartmann D, Jeffrys A, Kumar U, MacDonald C, Makhani N, Mawani S, Morales F, Paty B, Pick M, Schwanke B, Stark A, Tennant M, Varma S, Weiss-Aburto D, WerbiskiWood P, Woloschuk B, Zimmerman W, Bélanger A, Gauthier S, Bahsali G, Barbeau C, Caponi E, Duchesne R, Dumas R, Gauthier P, Girouard J, Kandalaft N, Labbé M, Palardy J, Pilon M, Raymond J, Schiffrin A, Hramiak I, Tereschyn S, Driscoll M, Gehring M, Gonder J, Lincoln C, McBeth W, McDonald C, McDonald T, Pauli P, Paul T, Powers S, Ronald N, Trinh V, Vancer L, Walsh G, Lochnan H, Ooi TC, Maranger J, Bradley L, Buhrmann R, Cyr M, Gilchrist C, Hanlon B, Harley M, Jay K, Leech T, Malcolm J, McLean M, Parker E, Sigal R, Sullivan K, Yale JF, Segal SA, Al Ansari G, Renouf N, Allaire N, Alawadhi MA, Belfer B, Blank DW, Bouchard F, Phang SB, Carter J, Coppin L, Dalpe D, Delpech I, Doran PM, Emmian F, Fortin S, Garfield N, Gosselin M, Horan S, Kalergis M, Koutelias S, Légaré C, Lombardo A, Morais JA, Quigley M, Renouf N, Riopel C, Riopel S, Rivera JA, Rochon G, Roy M, Salera M, Sherman MH, Shingler M, Staples HE, Ulyatt L, Yared Z, Leiter LA, Booth G, Sparrow L, Choi H, Bedard DC, Berger A, Berndl LA, Cheng A, Evalmplev V, Goguen J, Hanna A, Josse RG, Kalas JA, Perry S, Pike M, Elliott T, Dawson K, Kong J, Albiani D, Inducil M, Al Amoudi R, Broughton T, Hall L, Harrison B, Hirvi N, Lee R, Merkur A, Norman E, Paty B, Potter M, Stevenson D, Vafadaran A, Woo V, Berard L, Anderlic T, Austman K, Bernard A, Catte D, Darvill P, Hak D, Hutchison K, Janzen L, Klopak T, Mandock C, Mathen M, Mawani S, Mawani A, Murphy L, Nyomba G, Penner B, Pockett S, Russell S, Stockl F, Studney J, Sukkau R, Abbott C, Ur E, Yuille M, Archibald M, Clayton D, Cruess A, Davis N, Fong H, Frizzell S, Hanway B, Hoskin-Mott A, Imran A, Ingraham C, McCarthy G, Murdock H, Palmer T, Patterson AM, Ransom T, Shu D, 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Cite As: ACCORD Study Group, ACCORD Eye Study Group, Chew EY, Ambrosius WT, Davis MD, Danis RP, Gangaputra S, Greven CM, Hubbard L, Esser BA, Lovato JF, Perdue LH, Goff DC Jr, Cushman WC, Ginsberg HN, Elam MB, Genuth S, Gerstein HC, Schubart U, Fine LJ. Effects of medical therapies on retinopathy progression in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2010 Jul 15;363(3):233-44. Epub 2010 Jun 29.

Studies:

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We investigated whether intensive glycemic control, combination therapy for dyslipidemia, and intensive blood-pressure control would limit the progression of diabetic retinopathy in persons with type 2 diabetes. Previous data suggest that these systemic factors may be important in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: In a randomized trial, we enrolled 10,251 participants with type 2 diabetes who were at high risk for cardiovascular disease to receive either intensive or standard treatment for glycemia (target glycated hemoglobin level, <6.0% or 7.0 to 7.9%, respectively) and also for dyslipidemia (160 mg daily of fenofibrate plus simvastatin or placebo plus simvastatin) or for systolic blood-pressure control (target, <120 or <140 mm Hg). A subgroup of 2856 participants was evaluated for the effects of these interventions at 4 years on the progression of diabetic retinopathy by 3 or more steps on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Severity Scale (as assessed from seven-field stereoscopic fundus photographs, with 17 possible steps and a higher number of steps indicating greater severity) or the development of diabetic retinopathy necessitating laser photocoagulation or vitrectomy. RESULTS: At 4 years, the rates of progression of diabetic retinopathy were 7.3% with intensive glycemia treatment, versus 10.4% with standard therapy (adjusted odds ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51 to 0.87; P=0.003); 6.5% with fenofibrate for intensive dyslipidemia therapy, versus 10.2% with placebo (adjusted odds ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.87; P=0.006); and 10.4% with intensive blood-pressure therapy, versus 8.8% with standard therapy (adjusted odds ratio, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.79; P=0.29). CONCLUSIONS: Intensive glycemic control and intensive combination treatment of dyslipidemia, but not intensive blood-pressure control, reduced the rate of progression of diabetic retinopathy. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00000620 for the ACCORD study and NCT00542178 for the ACCORD Eye study.)