Cumulative effect of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance on cardiac dysfunction: The coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study.

Pubmed ID: 40972908

Journal: American heart journal

Publication Date: Feb. 1, 2026

MeSH Terms: Humans, Male, Adult, Female, United States, Young Adult, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Insulin Resistance, Blood Glucose, Coronary Artery Disease, Echocardiography, Hyperglycemia, Prediabetic State

Authors: Aguilar D, Fonseca VA, Yoshida Y, Zu Y, Ferdinand KC

Cite As: Yoshida Y, Zu Y, Aguilar D, Ferdinand KC, Fonseca VA. Cumulative effect of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance on cardiac dysfunction: The coronary artery risk development in young adults (CARDIA) study. Am Heart J 2026 Feb;292:107276. Epub 2025 Sep 17.

Studies:

Abstract

We investigated whether cumulative fasting glucose (FG) and insulin resistance (IR) over 20 years are associated with midlife cardiac dysfunction in young adults with or without type 2 diabetes (T2D)/prediabetes. We included young adults with T2D/prediabetes (N = 279) and matched euglycemic individuals (N = 514) who had repeated measures of fasting glucose (FG) and insulin resistance (IR) and echocardiography assessment from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study (CARDIA). We found that cumulative hyperglycemia is associated with midlife diastolic dysfunction in patients with early-onset T2D, and sustained IR negatively affects systolic and diastolic function regardless of T2D status.